Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras

Vol. 53 Núm. 2 (2024)
Articulos de investigación

Análisis de vulnerabilidad y riesgo climático del socioecosistema de manglar en Colombia

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Julio César Herrera Carmona
Docente, Departamento de Biología, Universidad del Valle
Johanna Prüssmann Uribe
WWF
Melissa Abud Hoyos
WWF
Luis Alonso Zapata Padilla
WWF
Índice de riesgo del socioecosistema de manglar del Caribe de Colombia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25268/bimc.invemar.2024.53.2.1308

Publicado 2024-07-02

Palabras clave

  • Cambio climático,
  • Pacífico de Colombia,
  • Caribe de Colombia,
  • Amenazas,
  • Adaptación

Cómo citar

1.
Herrera Carmona JC, Prüssmann Uribe J, Abud Hoyos M, Zapata Padilla LA. Análisis de vulnerabilidad y riesgo climático del socioecosistema de manglar en Colombia. Bol. Investig. Mar. Costeras [Internet]. 2 de julio de 2024 [citado 26 de marzo de 2025];53(2):103-32. Disponible en: https://boletin.invemar.org.co/ojs/index.php/boletin/article/view/1308

Derechos de autor 2024 Julio César Herrera Carmona

Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.

Resumen

Los manglares están expuestos a amenazas como el aumento del nivel del mar, la erosión costera, el aumento de la frecuencia e intensidad de eventos extremos, además de presiones socioeconómicas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar un análisis de vulnerabilidad y riesgo climático para el socioecosistema de manglar de Colombia. Se utilizaron 22 indicadores de amenaza, 8 de sensibilidad y 18 de capacidad adaptativa; mediante un análisis numérico multivariado se generaron los índices de vulnerabilidad y riesgo climático para los manglares del Pacífico y del Caribe de Colombia. Los manglares que presentaron mayor riesgo en el Caribe se ubicaron en los municipios de Manaure, Tubará y Puerto Escondido, mientras que en el Pacífico estas áreas de alto riesgo se ubicaron en la costa sur, en los municipios de Olaya Herrera, Francisco Pizarro y La Tola, y en la costa norte de Bahía Solano. Los indicadores de amenaza que capturaron la mayor variabilidad del análisis fueron: el aumento del nivel del mar, el cambio en la línea de costa, el cambio en la oferta hídrica, el cambio en la cobertura de manglares por cambio en la línea de costa, el cambio en la temperatura y la precipitación debido a El Niño y La Niña, y la huella humana. Estos resultados son un insumo para la gestión climática de los manglares en Colombia y contribuirán al Programa Nacional de Manglares. Asimismo, podrán contribuir al Plan Nacional de Restauración de Manglares, la Contribución Nacionalmente Determinada de Colombia (NDC), la Estrategia Climática de Largo Plazo de Colombia E2050, y los Planes Territoriales de Adaptación al Cambio Climático de los departamentos y municipios.

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