Inmunotoxicidad y daño lisosomal en la ostra Pinctada imbricata (Röding 1758) expuesta a lubricantes usados de motores de automóviles
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25268/bimc.invemar.2024.53.1.1208Palabras clave:
Hemocito; desestabilidad lisosomal; aceite; inmunología; estrésResumen
En este estudio se evaluaron los efectos que ocasiona la exposición a fracciones acuosas de lubricantes usados de motores de automóviles (Faluma) sobre parámetros hematológicos, sistema inmune, estabilidad de la membrana lisosomal de hemocitos y niveles peroxidación
lipídica y lisozimas en la glándula digestiva de la ostra perla Pinctada imbricada. Las ostras fueron expuestas a 0, 1, 10 y 20 % v/v de Faluma durante diferentes períodos: 3, 5 y 7 días, en sistema estático de acuarios bajo condiciones controladas (oxigenación 6 mg/L; 25 ± 1 °C; pH 8.0 y 36 ‰). Durante el período temprano de exposición fue observado un aumento en el número total de hemocitos (NTH) de ostras expuestas a 10 % de Faluma. En ostras expuestas a 20 % al séptimo día se observó un descenso en los parámetros inmunohematológicos, asociados a una elevada desestabilización de la membrana lisosomal y contenido de malondialdehido (MDA). Las ostras mostraron respuestas celulares compensatorias a bajas concentraciones de Faluma, resultando mermadas durante la exposición aguda. Se evidenciaron efectos immunomodulatorios inducidos por la mezcla de compuestos xenobióticos contentivos en Faluma. Las respuestas moleculares e inmunecelulares estimadas en P. imbricada pueden suministrar información sobre los cambios en la fisiología normal de organismos que habitan
ambientes impactados por mezclas complejas de xenobióticos.
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