Peces asociados con equinoideos en aguas poco profundas en Roatán, Honduras
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25268/bimc.invemar.2019.48.1.756Palabras clave:
Mar Caribe, Arrecifes de coral, Ectosimbiontes, Asociación facultativaResumen
Se realizó el estudio de la asociación de 11 especies de peces con cinco especies de equinoideos en Roatán, Honduras, del 27 de agosto al 1 de septiembre de 2017. Los peces se asociaron con mayor frecuencia con el equinoideo Diadema antillarum (34,3% de los equinoideos, seis especies de peces, n = 146 equinoideos), seguido por Echinometra viridis (25,0%, tres especies de peces,
n = 12), Echinometra lucunter (7,5%, diez especies de peces, n = 1.834), Eucidaris tribuloides (3,4%, cuatro especies de peces, n = 116), y Tripneustes ventricosus (7,1%, una especie de pez, n = 28). De los 196 peces que buscaban refugio al lado de los equinoideos, Malacoctenus aurolineatus fue el más común (41,8% de los peces, tres especies de equinoideos), seguido de Stegastes adustus (38,8%, tres especies de equinoideos), Stegastes diencaeus (6,6%, tres erizos equinoideos), Sargocentron coruscum (6,1%, cinco especies de equinoideos), Chaetodon capistratus (1,5%, una especie de equinoideo), Gobioclinus filamentosus (1,5%, una especie de equinoideo),
Pomacanthus paru (1,0%, dos especies de equinoideos), Labrisomus nuchipinnis (1,0%, dos especies de equinoideos), Equetus punctatus (0,5%, una especie de equinoideo), Microspathodon chryurus (0,5%, una especie de equinoideo), y Thalassoma bifasciatum (0,5%, una
especie de equinoideo). Ninguno de los peces estaba asociado exclusivamente con equinoideos o estaba especializado para asociarse con equinoideos, lo que indica que la asociación era facultativa. Todos los peces eran pequeños (< 12 cm). Los peces se asociaron con mayor
frecuencia con el equinoideo de espinas más largas, D. antillarum, apoyando la hipótesis de que los peces buscan refugio entre las espinas de los equinoideos para beneficiarse de una mayor protección contra la depredación.
Citas
Asgaard, U. and R.G. Bromley. 2008. Echinometrid sea urchins, their trophic styles and corresponding bioerosion: 279-303. In: Wisshak, M. and L. Tapanila (Eds.). Current developments in bioerosion. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 499 p.
Bak, R.P.M. 1994. Sea urchin bioerosion on coral reefs: place in the carbonate budget and relevant variables. Coral Reefs, 13: 99-103.
Birkeland, C. 1989. The influence of echinoderms on coral-reef communities: 1-79. In: Jangoux, M. and J.M. Lawrence (Eds.). Echinoderm studies 3. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands. 90 p.
Briggs, J.C. 1955. A monograph of the clingfishes (order Xenopterygii). Stanford Ichthyol. Bull., 6: 1-216.
Bruce, A J. 1976. Shrimps and prawns of coral reefs, with special reference to commensalism: 37-94. In: Jones O. A. and R. Endean (Eds.). Biology and geology of coral reefs. Vol. 3. Biology 2. Academic Press, New York. 458 p.
Bruce, A.J. 1982. The shrimps associated with Indo-West Pacific echinoderms, with the description of a new species in the genus Periclimenes Costa, 1844 (Crustacea: Pontoniinae). Austral. Mus. Mem., 16: 191-216.
Carpenter, R.C. 1997. Invertebrate predators and grazers: 198-229. In: Birkeland, A. (Ed.). Life and death of coral reefs. Chapman and Hall, London. 536 p.
Castro, P. 1978. Settlement and habitat selection in the larvae of Echinoecus pentagonus (A. Milne Edwards), a brachyuran crab symbiotic with sea urchins. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 34: 259-270.
Chace, F.A. Jr. 1969. A new genus and five new species of shrimps (Decapoda, Palaemonidae, Pontoniinae) from the western Atlantic. Crustaceana, 16: 251-272.
Charteris, M. 2012. Caribbean reef life of the Bay Islands, Honduras. 2nd edn. Caribbean Reef Life, Roatan, Honduras. 347 p.
Clark, A.M. 1976. Echinoderms of coral reefs: 95-123. In: Jones, O. A. and R. Endean (Eds.). Biology and geology of coral reefs. Vol. 3. Biology 2. Academic Press, New York, NY. 458 p.
Dix, T.G. 1969. Association between the echinoid Evechinus chloroticus (Val.) and the Clingfish Dellichthys morelandi Briggs. Pac. Sci., 23: 332-336.
Eibl-Eibesfeldt, I. 1961. Eine Symbiose zwischen Fischen (Siphamia versicolor) und Seeigeln. Z. Tierpsychol., 18: 56-59.
Fricke, H.W. 1970. Ein mimetisches Kollektiv—Beobachtungen an Fischschwärmen, die Seeigel nachahmen. Mar. Biol., 5: 307-314.
Fricke, H.W. and M. Hentschel. 1971. Die Garnelen-Seeigel-Partnerschaft—eine Untersuchung der optischen Orientierung der Garnele. Z. Tierpsychol., 28: 453-462.
Froese, R. and D. Pauly (Eds.). 2018. FishBase. World wide web electronic publication, version (02/2018). Available online at www.fishbase.org. Accessed 26 December 2018.
Giglio, V.J., M.L.F. Ternes, M.C. Barbosa, C.A.M.M. Cordeiro, S.R. Floeter and C.E.L. Ferreira. 2017. Reef fish associations with sea urchins in an Atlantic oceanic island. Mar. Biodiv., 18: 1833-1839.
Glynn, P.W. and I.C. Enochs. 2011. Invertebrates and their roles in coral reef ecosystems: 273-325. In: Dubinsky, Z. and N. Stambler (Eds.). Coral reefs: an ecosystem in transition. Springer, Berlin. 552 p.
Goldberg, W. M. 2013. The biology of reefs and reef organisms. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. 401 p.
Gould, A.L., S. Harii and P.V. Dunlap. 2014. Host preference, site fidelity, and homing behavior of the symbiotically luminous cardinalfish, Siphamia tubifer (Perciformes: Apogonidae). Mar. Biol., 161: 2897-2907.
Hartney, K.B. and K.A. Grorud. 2002. The effect of sea urchins as biogenic structures on the local abundance of a temperate reef fish. Oecologia, 131: 506-513.
Hayes, F.E., M.C. Holthouse, D.G. Turner, D.S. Baumbach and S. Holloway. 2016. Decapod crustaceans associating with echinoids in Roatán, Honduras. Crust. Res., 45: 37-47.
Helfman, G.S., J.L. Meyer and W.N. McFarland. 1982. The ontogeny of twilight migration patterns in grunts (Pisces: Haemulidae). Anim. Behav., 30: 317-326.
Hendler, G., J.E. Miller, D.L. Pawson and P.M. Kier. 1995. Sea stars, sea urchins, and allies: echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC. 390 p.
Hoskin, C.M. and J.K. Reed. 1985. Carbonate sediment production by the rock-boring urchin Echinometra lucunter and associated endolithic infauna at Black Rock, Little Bahama Bank. Symp. Ser. Underw. Res., 3: 151-161.
Humann, P. and N. DeLoach. 2002a. Reef creature identification: Florida, Caribbean, Bahamas. 2nd edn. New World Publications, Jacksonville, FL. 447 p.
Humann, P. and N. DeLoach. 2002b. Reef fish identification: Florida, Caribbean, Bahamas. 3rd edn. New World Publications, Jacksonville, FL. 512 p.
Joseph, V.L., F.E. Hayes and N.A. Trimm, Jr. 1998. Interspecific selection of three potential urchin host species by the arrow crab Stenorhynchus seticornis (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura). Carib. Mar. Stud., 6: 31-34.
Karplus, I. 2014. Symbiosis in fishes: the biology of interspecific partnerships. Wiley-Blackwell, West Sussex, UK. 449 p.
Keck, J. 2000. Instructor’s guide: planning a field course. Roatán Institute for Marine Sciences, Roatán. 74 p.
Lachner, E.A. 1955. Inquilinism and a new record for Paramia bipunctata, a cardinal fish from the Red Sea. Copeia, 1955: 53-54.
Lallemant, H.G. and M. Gordon. 1999. Deformation history of Roatán Island: implications for the origin of the Tela Basin (Honduras): 197-218. In: Mann, P. (Ed.). Caribbean basins. Sedimentary basins of the world. Vol 4. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 696 p.
Lewis, J.B. 1956. The occurrence of the macruran Gnathophylloides minerii Schmitt on the spines of the edible sea-urchin Tripneustes esculentus Leske in Barbados. Bull. Mar. Sci., 6: 288-291.
Lieske, E. and R. Myers. 2002. Coral reef fishes: Caribbean, Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean including the Red Sea. Rev. edn. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. 400 p.
Magnus, D.B.E. 1967. Ecological and ethological studies and experiments on the echinoderms of the Red Sea. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr., 5: 635-664.
McBirney, A. and M. Bass. 1967. Geology of Bay Islands, Gulf of Honduras: 229-243. In: McBirney, A. (Ed.). Tectonic relationships of northern Central America and the western Caribbean—the Bonacca Expedition. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 11. 355 p.
McLean, R.F. 1967. Erosion of burrows in beachrock by the tropical sea urchin, Echinometra lucunter. Can. J. Zool., 45: 586-588.
Monroy López, M. and D.O. Solano. 2006. Estado poblacional de Echinometra lucunter (Echinoida: Echinometridae) y su fauna acompañante en el litoral rocoso del Caribe colombiano. Rev. Biol. Trop., 53: 291-297.
Ogden, J.C. 1977. Carbonate-sediment production by parrot fish and sea urchins on Caribbean reefs. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Stud. Geol., 4: 281-288.
Patton, W.K., R.J. Patton and A. Barnes. 1985. On the biology of Gnathophylloides mineri, a shrimp inhabiting the sea urchin Tripneustes ventricosus. J. Crust. Biol., 5: 616-626.
Pfaff, J.R. 1942. On a new genus and species of the family Gobiesocidae from the Indian Ocean, with observations on sexual dimorphism in the Gobiesocidae, and on the connection of certain gobiesocids with echinoids. Vidensk. Medd. Dansk Naturh. Foren., 105: 413-422.
Randall, J.E. 1967. Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr., 5: 665-847.
Randall, J.E., R.E. Schroeder and W.A. Starck, II. 1964. Notes on the biology of the echinoid Diadema antillarum. Carib. J. Sci., 4: 421-433.
Russell, B.C. 1983. The food and feeding habits of rocky reef fish of north eastern New Zealand. New Zeal. J. Mar. Fresh. Res., 17: 121-145.
Sakashita, H. 1992. Sexual dimorphism and food habits of the clingfish, Diademichthys lineatus, and its dependence on host sea urchin. Environ. Biol. Fishes, 34: 95-101.
Schoppe, S. 1991. Echinometra lucunter (Linnaeus) (Echinoidea, Echinometridae) als Wirt einer komplexen Lebensgemeinschaft im Karibischen Meer. Helgol. Meeresunters., 45: 373-379.
Schoppe, S. and B. Werding. 1996. The boreholes of the sea urchin genus Echinometra (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Echinometridae) as a microhabitat in tropical South America. Mar. Ecol., 17: 181-186.
Steneck, R.S. 2013. Sea urchins as drivers of shallow benthic marine community structure. Develop. Aquacult. Fish. Sci. 38: 195-212.
Strasburg, D.W. 1966. Observations on the ecology of four apogonid fishes. Pac. Sci., 20: 338-341.
Tamura, R. 1982. Experimental observations on the association between the cardinalfish (Siphamia versicolor) and the sea urchin (Diadema setosum). Galaxea, 1: 1-10.
Teytaud, A.R. 1971. Food habits of the goby, Ginsburgellus novemlineatus, and the clingfish, Arcos rubiginosus, associated with echinoids in the Virgin Islands. Carib. J. Sci., 11: 41-45.
Townsend, T. and P.A.X. Bologna. 2007. Use of Diadema antillarum spines by juvenile fish and mysid shrimp. Gulf Carib. Res., 19: 55-58.
Wells, S.M. (Ed). 1988. Coral reefs of the world. Vol. 1. Atlantic and Eastern Pacific. United Nations Environment Programme and International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Cambridge, UK. 373 p.
Zar, J.H. 2010. Biostatistical analysis. 5th edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. 944 p.
