Design of an oceanographic sampling network for the Malpelo Fauna and Flora Sanctuary, Pacific of Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25268/bimc.invemar.2021.50.2.1089Keywords:
Español, Malpelo Fauna and Flora Sanctuary, Oceanography,, Sampling network, Geostatistics.Abstract
In order to generate inputs for the management of the Sanctuary, the Pacific Territorial Directorate of National Natural Parks began in 2006 a monitoring of oceanographic conditions in the area. Currently, this monitoring has a sampling network of only six stations located 0.93 km (0.5 nm) and 1.85 km (1 nm) from the island, so it is not efficient due to the reduced distance between stations, and
insufficient given the large extension of the Sanctuary. Therefore, a sampling network was designed based on Sea Surface Temperature
(TSM) data taken in situ and derived from the Modis-Aqua remote sensor. The spatial autocorrelation structure was analyzed through a
semi-variance function. The decision to choose the best sampling network among the different sizes was based on the dissimilarity between stations associated with the semi-variance model, on the variance of the prediction error, on the predominant pattern of marine currents during the annual cycle, and on aspects logistics related to the movement limitations of the vessels that carry out oceanographic monitoring in the SFF Malpelo. As a result of considering these variables, a sampling network was obtained with stations every 7.41 km (4 nm) , composed of eight new stations and six of the historical sampling network.
References
Amador, J., E.J. Alfaro, O.G. Lizano and V.O. Magaña. 2006. Atmospheric forcing of the eastern tropical Pacific: A review. Prog. Oceanogr., 69: 101-142. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2006.03.007
CCO y Dimar. 2019. Malpelo es Colombia, maravilla estratégica. CCO, Bogotá, D.C.
Chelton, D.B., M. H. Freilich and S.K. Esbensen. 2000. Satellite observations of the wind jets off the Pacific coast of Central America. Part II: Relationships and dynamical considerations. Month. Weath. Rev., 128: 2019–2043. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(2000)128<2019:SOOTWJ>2.0.CO;2
Cressie, N. 1989. Geostatistics. Am. Statistic., 43(4): 611-623.
Cressie, N. 1993. Statistical for spatial data. Wiley, 900 p. doi:10.1002/9781119115151
Emery, W.J. and R.E. Thompson. 2014. Data analysis methods in physical oceanography. 3rd ed. Elsevier Science, 654 p. doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-50756-3.X5000-X
Fiedler, P. and L. Talley. 2006. Hydrography of the eastern tropical Pacific: A review. Progr. Oceanogr., 69: 143-180. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2006.03.008
Forsbergh, E.D. 1969. Estudio sobre la climatología, oceanografía y pesquerías del Panamá Bight. Bull. Inter. Am. Trop. Tuna Comm., 14: 49-365.
Giraldo, R. 2002. Introducción a la geoestadística: teoría y aplicación, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C., 94 p.
Giraldo, R., N. Méndez and D. Ospina. 2001. Design of a sampling network for an estuary in the Colombian Caribbean. Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc., 25(97):509-518.
Kessler, W. 2006. The circulation of the eastern tropical Pacific: A review. Progr. Oceanogr., 69: 181-217.
Legeckis, R. 1986. A satellite time series of sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, 1982–1986. J. Geophys. Res., 91 (C11):12879–12886.
López-Victoria, M. and D.M. Rozo. 2006. Model-based geomorphology of Malpelo island and spatial distribution of breeding seabirds. Bol. Invest. Mar.Cost., 35: 111-131.
Manly, B. and J.A. Navarro. 2016. Multivariate statistical methods. A primer. 4th ed. Chapman-Hall, London, 253 p.
Metoceanica. 2017. Caracterización preliminar de la circulación oceánica estacional en la zona de influencia del parque Santuario de Fauna y Flora Malpelo usando modelos numéricos oceánicos. Metoceanica Colombia SAS. 39 p.
Ministerio del Medio Ambiente. 1995. Resolución 1292 de 1995 por la cual se alinda y declara el Santuario de Fauna y Flora Malpelo. Bogotá, D.C. 3 p.
Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible. 2017. Resolución 1907 de 2017 por medio de la cual se reserva, delimita, alindera y declara como parte del Santuario de Fauna y Flora Malpelo un área ubicada en la región central de la cuenca Pacífica colombiana. Bogotá, D.C. 16p.
Parques Nacionales Naturales. 2015. Plan de manejo del Santuario de Fauna y Flora Malpelo. Malpelo punta de lanza del Pacífico colombiano. Cali, 163 p.
Ribeiro, P. and P. J. Diggie. 2018. Package ‘geoR’. Version 1.7-5.2.1.
Rodríguez-Rubio, E., and J. Stuardo. 2002. Variability of photosynthetic pigments in the Colombian Pacific Ocean and its relationship with the wind field using ADEOS-I data. J. Earth Syst. Sci., 111: 227-236. doi:10.1007/BF02701969
Rodríguez-Rubio, R. y A. Giraldo. 2011. Características oceanográficas en la isla Malpelo y su relación con la cuenca oceánica del Pacífico colombiano. Bol. Invest. Mar. Cost., 40 (Supl. Esp.): 19-32.
Rodríguez-Rubio, E., J. Ortiz and J. Rueda. 2007. Aspectos oceanográficos. En: DIMAR-CCCP y UAESPNNDTSO. Santuario de Fauna y Flora Malpelo: descubrimiento en marcha, (Ed.) DIMAR, Bogotá, pp. 29-44.
Statsoft. 2007. STATISTICA (data analysis software system), version 8. www.statsoft.com.Warrick, A.W., D.E. Myers and D. R. Nielsen. 1986. Geostatistical Methods Applied to Soil Science. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 1. Physical and Mineralogical Methods- Agronomy Monograph, 9: 53-81.
Werdell, P. J., B.A. Franz, S.W. Bailey, G.C. Feldman, E. Boss, V.E. Brando, et al. 2013. Generalized ocean color inversion model for retrieving marine inherent optical properties. Appl. Opt., 52: 2019-2037. doi:10.1364/AO.52.002019
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Julio César Herrera Carmona
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
